Word |
Type |
Meaning |
Example (Sentence) |
Adapt |
Verb |
To change or change something to suit different conditions |
When I lived in Kerala, I had to adapt my lifestyle to fit in with the culture there. |
Adopt |
Verb |
To accept something formally and put into effect |
Our company adopted a no smoking within 100 yards of the premises |
Allusion |
Noun |
An implied or indirect reference especially in literature |
Your allusion to Shakespeare is unclear in this essay. |
Illusion |
Noun |
A misleading image presented to the vision |
That picture is an optical illusion. It tricks your eye into seeing something that's not there. |
Accept |
Verb |
To agree to take something |
I always accept good advice. |
Except |
Prep |
Not including |
I teach every day except Sunday(s). |
Advice |
Noun |
An opinion that someone offers you about what you should do or how you should act in a particular situation. |
I need someone to give me some advice. |
Advise |
Verb |
To give information and suggest types of action |
I advise everybody to be polite to their teacher. |
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You can also use any in a positive statement if it comes after a word whose meaning is negative or limiting: |
1. She gave me some bad advice. |
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2. Really? She rarely gives any bad advice. |
Affect |
Verb |
To influence, act upon, or change something or someone |
The noise outside affected my performance. |
Effect |
Noun |
Effect is followed by the preposition on and preceded by an article (an, the) meaning: to have an impact on something or someone. |
His smile had a strange effect on me |
Alone |
Adj. Or adv. |
Without other people or on your own |
He likes living alone |
Lonely |
Adj. |
Means you are unhappy because you are not with other people |
The house feels lonely now that all the children have left home. |
A lot |
Can be used as |
Adj. - a large amount or number of people or things |
I need a lot of time to develop this web site. I look a lot like my sister. |
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Adv. - very much or very often |
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A lot |
|
Doesn’t exist |
There is no such word in English |
Allot |
Verb |
To give (especially a share of something) for a particular purpose |
We were allotted a desk each. |
All ready |
|
Completely ready |
Are you all ready for the test |
Already |
Adv. |
Before the present time or earlier than the time expected |
I asked him to come to the cinema but he'd already seen the film. |
All together |
Adv. |
Together in a single group |
The waiter asked if we were all together |
Altogether |
Adv. |
"Completely" or "in total " |
She wrote less and less often, and eventually she stopped altogether. |
Any one |
|
Any single person or thing out of a group of people or things |
I can recommend any one of the books on this site |
Anyone |
|
Any person. It's always written as one word. |
Did anyone see that UFO? |
Any & some |
Both are determiners |
They are used to talk about indefinite quantities or numbers, when the exact quantity or number is not important. As a general rule we use some for positive statements, and any for questions and negative statements |
1. I asked the waiter if he could get me some water. I said, "Excuse me, have you got any water?" Unfortunately they didn't have any. |
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2. Would you mind getting some chocolates while you're at the shop? |
Apart |
Adv. |
Separated by distance or time. |
I always feel so lonely when we're apart. |
A part |
Noun |
A piece of something that forms the whole of something |
They made me feel like I was a part of the family. |
Amoral |
Adj. |
Being outside or beyond the moral order or a particular code of morals |
He stated that his decision to let 20,000 go was entirely amoral. It was simply an economic necessity. |
Immoral |
Adj. |
Conflicting with generally or traditionally held moral principles |
It was immoral of her to tell lies like that. |
Unethical |
|
Not conforming to rules of right behavior, i.e. Professional codes of conduct |
It is unethical to blame someone intentionally for the wrong they have not done. |
Access |
Noun |
The ability or right to approach, enter, exit, communicate with, or make use of |
Every child should have access to school. |
Excess |
Noun |
The amount that is larger or more than is needed. |
This time the sales were in excess of 20 million. |
Anyway |
Adv. |
In any case; anyhow |
It was raining hard, but we continued the play anyway. |
Anyways |
|
Incorrect Word |
‘Anyways’ is not correct. Avoid that form and use 'anyway' instead. |
Assent |
|
Agreement; agree readily |
The principal gave his assent for the fund raiser. |
Accent |
|
Stress; a stress |
The accent is on the first syllable. |
Ascent |
|
Going up |
The ascent of the rocket was arced. |
Aisle |
Noun |
Passageway between rows of seats |
The bride was escorted down the aisle by her father. |
I'll |
Verb |
Contraction of I will |
I'll join the circus. |
Isle |
Noun |
An island, usually small |
The Isle of Man is located off the northwest coast of England. |
Aid |
Noun |
Helper |
The lawyer hired an aid to help prepare briefs. |
Aide |
Person |
Shortened form of aide-de-camp , a military or diplomatic assistant (person) |
Ambassadors use aides to assist and advise. |
Altar |
|
Table or stand upon which religious ceremonies are performed. |
The groom waited at the altar for the bride to come for their wedding ceremony. |
Alter |
|
To change |
Have you altered your hair color? |
Assure |
|
Convince, make a person sure |
You must assure your mother that you are responsible and mature. |
Ensure |
|
Make certain (a thing) |
She must ensure your safety. |
Insure |
|
Guarantee against loss |
You must insure your own car to demonstrate responsibility and maturity. |
Among |
|
Indicates a relationship with any unspecified number of others |
Those among you who would like to adjourn, raise your hands. |
Between |
|
Indicates a relationship with two or more distinct items or parties |
1. Between you and me, this meeting was too long. |
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2. The negotiations between the U.S., Israel, Syria, and Iran were productive. |
Although |
|
Regardless, even though |
Although he had eaten dinner earlier, he sat down to another meal. |
Though |
|
Despite the fact that; however; even if |
I went to school though I was sick. |
Arise |
|
Come into being |
Good ideas arise in a fresh mind. |
Rise |
|
Get out of bed |
It is time to rise and shine, called the electronic alarm clock. |
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Upward movement |
Smoke rises. |
Raise |
|
To increase in size, quantity, or worth |
My boss raised my salary. |
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An increase of salary |
Please give me a raise. |
Accede |
Verb |
Give one's consent; agree to obey |
The senior command did not accede to these requests. |
Exceed |
Verb |
To go beyond the limit |
Supermarket profits by far exceed the incomes of all the retailers. |
Bought |
Verb |
Past tense of to buy |
I bought a newspaper at the newsagents. |
Brought |
Verb |
Past tense of to bring |
She brought her homework to the lesson. |
Brake |
|
Slow or stop; devise for slowing or stopping |
1. On a long downhill slope, test your brakes. |
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2. I had to brake as some animal appeared in front of my car. |
Break |
|
Reduce to pieces; crack; disrupt; disruption |
1. Brittle old pages break easily. |
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2. The Liberty Bell has a break in it. |
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3. I hate to break your concentration. The band took a break. |
By |
Adv. |
Near, past |
The bicycle rack is by the drinking fountain. |
Bi- |
Prefix |
Two or twice |
A bimonthly publication arrives twice a month. |
Bye |
|
No opponent in sports competition |
The bike team drew a bye in the first round of competition. |
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goodbye |
The cyclist called "bye" as he sped past. |
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An incidental |
By the bye, the cycle race was postponed. |
Buy |
|
Purchase |
I want to buy a new bicycle. |
Complement |
Verb |
To make something seem better or more attractive when combined |
The colours blue and green complement each other perfectly. |
Compliment |
Noun |
A remark that expresses approval, admiration or respect |
It was the nicest compliment anyone had ever paid me |
Council |
Noun |
A group of people elected or chosen to make decisions or give advice on a particular subject, to represent a particular group of people, or to run a particular organization |
The local council has decided not to allocate any more funds for the project. |
Counsel |
Verb |
To give advice, especially on social or personal problems |
She counsels the long-term unemployed on how to get a job. |
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Noun |
Advice |
I should have listened to my father's counsel, and saved some money instead of spending it all. |
Casual |
Adj. |
Occurring by chance |
We use contractions all the time in casual conversation |
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Occurring at irregular or infrequent intervals; occasional suited for everyday wear or use; informal. |
For the picnic, I decided to wear a pair of casual jeans and a t-shirt. |
Causal |
Adj. |
Involving, or constituting a cause; stating, involving, or implying a cause |
These theories provide not only descriptions of, but also causal explanations for, the behavior of moving objects. |
Cease |
Verb |
Come to an end / bring to an end |
1. The hostilities had ceased and normal life was resumed. |
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2. On his retirement the job will cease to exist. |
Seize |
Verb |
Take hold of suddenly and forcibly |
She jumped up and seized his arm. |
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Capture (a place) using force. |
The Customs are empowered to seize goods where duty has not been paid. |
Confident |
Adj. |
Self-assured |
I am confident about my ability to do the job. |
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Feeling or showing certainty about something |
The players seem more relaxed and confident this season. |
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Full of conviction |
He has become more confident in his Spanish-speaking skills. |
Confidant |
Noun |
To whom secrets are entrusted |
He is a trusted confidant of the president. |
Costume |
Noun |
Wardrobe and dress in general |
We have a great new range of Halloween costumes, which we are extremely proud of. |
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To the distinctive style of dress of a particular people, class, or period. |
Children in the procession said they enjoyed the event as much as making their colorful costumes. |
Custom |
Noun |
A set of agreed, stipulated or generally accepted rules, norms, standards or criteria |
It is the custom for the Indian bride to wear a red dress on her wedding day. |
Customs |
Noun |
A tariff on imported or exported goods |
We went through customs at the airport without any difficulty. |
Capital |
Noun |
Wealth |
Invest your capital and live on interest. |
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The city that is the seat of the government |
The capital of India is New Delhi. |
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An upper case letter |
It is harder to read words printed in all capitals. |
Capitol |
Noun |
A building housing the seat of the government |
The capitol building accommodates the Senate and the House of Representatives. |
Climactic |
|
Having to do with a climax |
Though he was a fair writer, he had trouble building climactic intensity in his novels. |
Climacteric |
|
Crucial event or period |
The 1930's depression in Germany is the climacteric event leading to Nazism. |
Climatic |
|
Having to do with climate |
Climatic change due to air pollution is a primary concern of environmentalists. |
Compare |
|
Examine the similarities, sometimes noting differences |
The English teacher asked her students to compare the protagonists, Huckleberry Finn and Holden Caulfield. |
Contrast |
|
Examine the differences |
Contrasting the characters resulted in less information than examining similarities. |
Cite |
Verb |
To quote by way of example, authority, or proof |
Please cite your references on the last page of your essay. |
Site |
Noun |
A location |
The architect visited the construction site yesterday. |
Sight |
Noun |
Something regarded as worth seeing |
The fireworks show at midnight was a beautiful sight to see. |
Been |
Past participle of be |
Been is used to describe completed visits. |
If you have been to England twice, you have travelled there and back twice. |
Gone |
Past participle of go |
|
If you have gone to England, you have not yet returned. |
Beside |
Prep. |
At the side of or next to |
The house was beside the temple. |
Besides |
Adv / prep |
In addition to or also |
Besides water, we carried some fruit. |
Bored |
Adj. |
When someone feels tired and unhappy because something is not interesting or because they have nothing to do |
She was so bored that she fell asleep. |
Boring |
Adj. |
Something that is not interesting or exciting |
The lesson was so boring that she fell asleep. |
Course |
Noun |
Path; duration; body of studies |
1.Cross-country runners must memorize the race course. |
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2.Through the course of the campaign, the candidate refrained from slander. |
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3.University students must complete required courses to graduate. |
Coarse |
Noun |
Rough |
Gunny bags are made of coarse cloth. |
Cloth |
Noun |
Piece of fabric |
Before the industrial revolution, weavers made cloth by hand. |
Clothe |
Verb |
To dress or cover |
It took many hours of work to clothe a family. |
Clothes |
Noun (pl) |
Garments |
Today, clothes are mass produced and sold in quantity to retailers for distribution. |
Can |
Verb |
Ability or power to do something |
I can drive my car at 100 km per hour. |
May |
Verb |
Permission to do something |
I may not drive my car at 100 km per hour. |
Canvas |
Noun |
Material used for tents, sails |
My grandfather removed the canvas sails from the old sloop and made tents. |
Canvass |
Noun |
Soliciting votes; opinion polling |
1.The candidate canvassed the neighborhood promising more and better services. |
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2.Reporters canvassed voters for opinions on taxes, the economy, and abortion. |
Continual |
|
Repeated, recurring at intervals |
Continual winter snow storms in the Midwest suggest a change in climate. |
Constant |
|
Continuing without change |
Constant attention to weather used to be the domain of farmers. |
Continuous |
|
Uninterrupted action |
Continuous monitoring of weather patterns should facilitate predictions. |
Decent |
Adj. |
Socially acceptable or good |
Everyone should be entitled to a decent standard of living. |
Descent |
Noun |
A movement downwards, or your ancestry. |
1.The plane began its final descent prior to landing. |
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2.She found out that she was of Welsh descent." |
Discreet |
Adj. |
To be careful or modest, not to cause embarrassment or attract too much attention, especially by keeping something secret. |
You have to be very discreet to work for the royal family |
Discrete |
Adj. |
Means something is distinct and separate or has a clear independent shape or form. |
She painted using strong colours, discrete shapes, and rhythmic patterns. |
Desert |
Noun |
Arid land |
If you live in a desert, it is a good idea to own a camel. |
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Verb |
To abandon |
Clyde deserted school and joined the circus. |
Dessert |
Noun |
Last course of a meal generally sweet |
Chocolate ice cream is my favorite dessert. |
Device |
|
A contrivance, machine; a plan or scheme |
A mousetrap is a device for catching pesky rodents. |
Devise |
|
To plan |
He devised a better mousetrap; he got a cat. |
Effective |
|
Practical, having a useful result |
The economic reforms must be effective in reducing the national debt. |
Effectual |
|
Able to achieve results |
The reformer is an effectual leader. |
Efficient |
|
Producing good results with the least waste of effort or materials |
Efficient implementation of the reforms was led by the reformer, himself. |
Emigrate |
|
To leave a country and take up residence elsewhere |
Russian Jews emigrated all over the world in the late 1800's. |
Immigrate |
|
To enter a country to take up residence |
Many Russian Jews immigrated to the United States. |
Migrate |
|
To move from one locality to another; to regularly move from one region to another |
Arctic caribou migrate south in the winter and return to the tundra in spring. |
Eligible |
|
Qualified or worthy to be chosen |
Jane Austen thought every eligible bachelor was in need of a wife. |
Illegible |
|
Impossible to read |
Because my handwriting is illegible, I use my computer and word processing software. |
Intelligible |
|
Comprehensible |
The radio signals from outer space are not intelligible. |
Eminent |
|
High in rank and noteworthy |
Jimmy Carter is an eminent peacemaker. |
Immanent |
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Remaining within, inherent; present throughout the universe |
1. Although he appeared afraid, he had immanent courage. |
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2. God is immanent throughout the universe. |
Imminent |
|
About to happen, impending |
1. Crisis is imminent, according to environmentalists. |
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2. An electrical storm was imminent, so we unplugged all the computers. |
Elicit |
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To bring out or evoke |
The teacher made outrageous remarks to elicit discussion from students. |
Illicit |
|
Unlawful or not permitted by custom |
Illicit sale of controlled substances is a major problem in the United States. |
Either |
|
Used with a negative verb when you are agreeing with something someone doesn't do or like etc |
B agrees with A in the negative |
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A - "I don't like cheese." B - "I don't like it either." |
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A- "I haven't seen Lord of the Rings." B - "I haven't seen it either." |
As well / Too |
|
Used with an affirmative verb when you are agreeing with something someone does or likes etc. |
B agrees with A in the positive |
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A - "I love ice cream." B - "I love it too." / "I love it as well." |
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A- "I've seen Gladiator." B - "I've seen it too." / "I've seen it as well." |
Every Day |
‘Every’ is determiner and ‘day’ is noun. |
When you say every day you mean each day without exception. |
You have been late for school every day this week. |
Everyday |
Adj. |
When you say everyday you mean ordinary, unremarkable. |
My culture pages offer an insight into the everyday life of common man. |
Expand |
Transitive/ intransitive verb |
To increase in size, number or importance, or to make something increase. |
Hari is expanding his vocabulary on a daily basis by learning 10 words. |
Expend |
Transitive Verb |
To use or spend something (especially time, effort or money). |
She is expending a lot of effort to help her students. |
For |
Preposition |
In favor of |
I bought a CD player for my daughter. |
Fore |
|
In front |
The man clung to the fore of the sinking boat. |
Four |
|
Even number (4) |
I bought four CD's for my daughter. |
Farther |
|
Refers to physical distance: that is, more far in terms that can be measured |
Delhi is farther from Mumbai than from Chandigarh. |
Further |
|
To a greater extent |
We will discuss this topic further in our next class. |
Faint |
Verb |
To lose consciousness |
The cheerleader fainted when she saw the broken bones. |
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Adj. |
Pale or weak |
Radio signals from space are faint and difficult to detect. |
Feint |
Noun |
To make a movement designed to mislead |
His feint fooled the opposition. |
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Verb |
A movement designed to mislead |
The quarterback feinted to the left before passing the ball to the halfback. |
Fourth |
|
After third and before fifth |
The fourth day of July is Independence Day in the United States |
Forth |
|
Forward |
The student ran back and forth looking for his misplaced books. |
Female |
|
A woman or girl |
The human female seems to be more long-lived than the male. |
Woman |
|
An adult human who is female |
When female is used for woman, it must be complemented with male. |
Feminine |
|
Of or belonging to women; gender category |
English does not categorize nouns as feminine or masculine. |
Formally |
|
With strict observation to form |
The store was formally opened on Tuesday. |
Formerly |
|
In the past |
Jimmy Carter was formerly the president of the United States. |
Good |
Adj. |
Having positive desirable qualities |
The good candy is expensive. |
Well |
Adv. |
In a good or proper manner |
1. The cookies are selling well. |
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2. After your illness, it is good to see you well. |
Hear |
|
To perceive with the ears; to learn, find out |
I can't hear the telephone when the music is too loud. |
Here |
|
This place |
Come over here so I can hear you better. |
Hole |
|
A cavity in a solid, a space or void where something used to be |
The mole dug a hole under the garden fence. |
Whole |
|
Entire, not divided |
The encyclopedia volume was returned to the library, so the set is whole again. |
Hair |
|
Threadlike growth on the skin of a mammal |
Red hair is the least common in humans. |
Hare |
|
Large, long-eared rabbit |
Some hares adapted to dessert habitats. |
Heir |
|
One who inherits from a predecessor (pronounced air) |
The Kennedy brothers and sisters were heirs to a great fortune. |
In |
Prep |
Opposite of out, inside at the point of |
1.The proof is in the pudding. |
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2.The house will be warm in a short time. |
Inn |
Noun |
Hotel |
We stayed in the old New England inn. |
Within |
|
in or into the inner part
up to but not beyond the limits of
in the scope or sphere of
|
1.Resentment simmered within him. |
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2.Within an hour, the soup will be done. |
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3.His actions were always within the law. |
Incidence |
|
Instance or occurrence; the rate of occurrence |
A single incidence of drug use will disqualify a player from the game. |
Incidents |
|
Occurrences, happenings |
Twenty-seven incidents of theft were reported from one school. |
Its |
Pronoun |
Belonging to |
The dog wagged its tail. |
It’s |
|
It is |
The dog thinks it's fun to wag its tail. |
Invaluable |
|
Of great worth |
The Rosetta Stone was an invaluable key to deciphering Egyptian hieroglyphics. |
Valueless |
|
Worth nothing |
The French officer who found the Rosetta Stone in 1799 was afraid it was valueless. |
Infer |
Verb |
To deduce, draw a conclusion |
Scholars infer from test results that teachers and inferior curricula are to blame for poor test scores. |
Imply |
Verb |
To suggest or insinuate |
The results of national achievement tests imply to educators that students are not learning. |
Insight |
|
Intuitive understanding |
A good therapist must have insight as well as skill. |
Incite |
|
To inflame to action |
She scolded him badly which incited him to get angry. |
Lay |
Irregular Transitive verb |
(Lay / laid/ laid - laying). It needs a direct object. It means to put something or someone down (often in a horizontal position). |
Lay your head on the pillow |
Lie |
Irregular Intransitive verb |
It means to rest in a horizontal position |
1. If you are tired lie here and take rest. |
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To be located somewhere |
2. This lake lies at the foothill. |
Look at |
Verb |
Look is usually followed by the preposition at |
Look at these photos, they're really good. |
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When you look at someone or something you are interested in the appearance. |
I went to the art gallery to look at the exhibition of paintings. |
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Generally we look at things that are static. |
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Watch |
Verb |
When you watch someone or something you are interested in what happens. |
1.I watch TV every night. |
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Generally we watch things that move or change state. |
2.The security guard watched the shoplifter steal the clock. |
Look Over |
Phrasal Verb |
When you look over something or someone you quickly examine it or them. |
I asked my teacher to look over what I had written. |
Overlook |
Verb |
When you overlook someone or something you fail to notice or consider it or them. |
I think my teacher overlooked some of my mistakes. |
Loose |
Adj. |
If something isn't fixed properly or it doesn't fit, because it's too large, it's loose. |
My headphones weren't working, because a wire was loose. |
Lose |
Verb |
To no longer possess something because you do not know where it is, or because it has been taken away from you. |
A lot of people will lose their job if there is a recession. |
Less |
|
Used with quantities that cannot be counted |
They prefer courses requiring less study time. |
Fewer |
|
Used with nouns that can be counted |
Fewer students are signing up for courses in math and science. |
Led |
Verb |
Guided, conducted |
Moses led his people to the Promised Land. |
Lead |
Noun |
Heavy metal; made of lead |
The pipes were made of lead. |
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Verb |
To guide or conduct |
Moses was ordered to lead his people to the Promised Land. |
Leaden |
|
Made of lead; gray; heavy |
Leaden weights kept him near the ocean floor so he could scavenge the wreck. |
Most |
|
Greatest amount, quantity, degree, or the largest part |
1. Most everyone likes vanilla ice cream. |
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2. Vanilla is the most delicious ice cream. |
Almost |
|
Nearly |
I almost ordered chocolate ice cream this time. |
Notable |
|
Remarkable, prominent |
Mark Twain was a notable humorist and social commentator. |
Noted |
Verb |
Famous; past tense of note |
Mark Twain was noted for his humor. |
Noticeable |
Adj. |
Worthy of notice; perceptible |
The song Kolaveri di has generated noticeable interest in the youth. |
Oral |
|
Relating to the mouth, spoken |
Mick Jagger gave an oral report on the importance of keeping decibel levels down. |
Aural |
|
Relating to the ear or hearing |
Many rock musicians have some aural loss due to loud monitors and speakers. |
Verbal |
|
Relating to words |
Language students learn verbal skills. |
Past |
Noun |
The time gone by |
You cannot change the past. |
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Adv / Prep |
Beyond |
He walked past the bus stop in deep thought. |
Passed |
Verb |
Moved by or through |
He passed his English test with flying colors. |
Plain |
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Level country; clear; simple; pure; ordinary; not ornamented; unattractive |
1. The rain in Spain stays mainly on the plain. |
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2. The plain truth is that we are broke. |
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3. The text was plain and easy to read. |
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4. She served us plain water with dinner. |
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5. She wore a plain everyday dress. |
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6. A plain courthouse appealed to voters. |
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7. Though plain, she had a great sense of fun and plenty of boyfriends. |
Plane |
Adj. |
Level or flat |
The students measured plane surfaces. |
|
Noun |
Airplane |
1. The plane landed at La Guardia Airport. |
|
|
A tool for smoothing |
2. The carpenter used a plane on the sill until the door would close over it. |
|
|
A level of consciousness |
3. Confucius, the mighty philosopher functioned on a higher moral plane than his fellow citizens. |
|
Verb |
To smooth or finish |
The carpenter planed the doors until the door would shut over it. |
Peace |
|
State of harmony, tranquility, nonaggression |
The message called for peace on earth, good will to men. |
Piece |
|
A portion of a whole |
His piece of the pie was larger than mine. |
Practice |
Noun |
|
We need to put these ideas into practice. |
Practise |
Verb |
|
To learn English well you have to practise. |
Precede |
Verb |
To be or to go before something or someone in time or space. |
Ecological extinction caused by overfishing precedes other human disturbance to coastal ecosystems. |
Proceed |
Verb |
To continue as planned. |
The government has decided not to proceed with the legislation. |
Principal |
Adj. |
First in order of importance |
The Mississippi is the principal river of the United States. |
|
Noun |
The head teacher in a school or college |
The teacher sent the unruly student to see the Principal. |
|
Noun |
The original amount of a debt on which interest is calculated |
She lives off the interest and tries to keep the principal intact. |
Principle |
Noun |
A basic idea, standard of behaviour or rule that explains or controls how something happens or works |
The country works on the principle that all citizens have equal rights. |
Personal |
Adj. |
It can mean relating to or belonging to someone. |
Your personal belongings are the things that belong to you. |
|
|
It can relate to someone’s private life, including their relationships and feelings. |
If you have personal problems with me let us discuss it and resolve the problem. |
|
|
It can also mean something that is designed for or used by one person. |
A personal computer or stereo. |
Personnel |
Noun |
The people who work for an organisation are the personnel. |
Military personnel are the members of an army. |
|
|
The department of an organisation that deals with finding people to work there, keeping records about them, etc is the personnel department. |
I need to speak to someone in Personnel. |
Raise |
Transitive verb |
To move upwards - Something else is needed to raise something |
1. Lynne raised her hand. |
|
|
|
2. The government is going to raise taxes. |
Rise |
Intransitive Verb |
To move upwards – something that rises by itself |
1. The sun rises in the east. |
|
|
|
2. I will rise tomorrow morning at 6 a.m. to walk the dog. |
Regard |
Verb |
To have an opinion about something or someone |
I regard the theatre as the greatest of all art forms. |
|
|
To look carefully at something or someone |
The students regarded me with horror as I entered the classroom. |
Regards |
|
It is simply a greeting |
Please give my regards to your parents when you see them. |
Regardless |
Adv. |
Not being affected by something |
I went ahead with the test regardless of the students’ opposition. |
Remember |
Verb |
To keep a piece of information in your memory or bring it back to memory |
I remember when every home had clotheslines in the back yard or garden. |
Remind |
Verb |
To make someone aware of something they have forgotten or might have forgotten |
Please remind me to pick up some bread at the market. |
Restive |
|
Impatient; resistant to control, discipline, or authority |
The restive audience awaited the opening act. |
Restless |
|
Unease because of anxiety, nervousness, or worry |
The patient grew restless in the waiting room but was calmed by the nurse. |
Recipe |
|
Directions for preparing a food dish |
Some people won't share their favorite recipes. |
|
|
A formula for achieving something |
The teacher inculcated a recipe for academic success. |
Receipt |
|
An acknowledgment for goods services, or money |
The shop owner gave me a receipt in acknowledgement of the payment that I had made. |
Roll |
|
A baked good |
We had bread rolls for snacks. |
|
|
An act of tumbling |
Jack and Jill did forward rolls down the hill. |
|
|
A written list |
The teacher read the roll every morning to find out if anyone was missing. |
|
|
Rapid drum beat |
A drum roll announced the performer's entrance. |
Role |
|
A character performed by an actor |
Shahrukh essayed the role of Don. |
|
|
A function |
It is the HR’s role to ensure employee satisfaction. |
Reward |
|
Recompense or return for service or merit |
The student was rewarded by the teacher for having completed her assignment in time. |
Award |
|
Official recognition, as a prize |
Girl Scout Troop got a civic award for keeping the playground clean. |
Suit |
Noun |
A set of clothes |
He bought a new gray flannel suit. |
|
Noun |
A legal proceeding |
He brought suit to regain custody of his children. |
|
Verb |
To meet requirements |
She suited her employers in all respects. |
Suite |
Noun |
A set of furniture |
She bought a new bedroom suite. |
|
|
Adjoining rooms |
She rented a suite of rooms to live in. |
Say vs Said |
Verb |
Past simple and past participle of to say |
1. "I am sorry", said the criminal. |
|
|
|
2. The criminal said that he was sorry. |
Tell vs Told |
Verb |
Past simple and past participle of to tell |
1. I told him that I would be late. |
|
|
|
2. He told me to leave. |
Shortage |
Noun |
When there is not enough of something |
There is a shortage of skilled workers in the industry. |
Shortness |
Noun |
Meaning the condition of being short spatially |
Shortness in children and young adults nearly always results from below-average growth in childhood. |
So |
Adj. / Adv. |
When used as in front of an adjective or an adverb means very |
1. My English teacher is so patient. |
|
|
|
2. She teaches us so well. |
Such |
Determiner |
It can be used in front of a noun or an adjective and a noun to show extremes, you can't use it in front of adverbs. |
1. She is such a patient teacher |
|
|
|
Remember that without the noun you need to use "so." |
|
|
|
such + a + patient + teacher |
|
|
|
so + patient |
Stationary |
|
Standing / still/ not moving |
The car was stationary |
Stationery |
|
The items needed for writing, such as paper, pens, pencils and envelopes |
It is the secretary's job to order the stationery. |
Suspect |
Adj. |
Arousing suspicion especially about quality |
The miraculous claims are suspect. |
|
Verb |
To be suspicious |
I suspect Dr. Feelgood is a cheat. |
|
Noun |
One who has aroused suspicion |
He is a suspect in the "Stoned Kid Case." |
Suspicious |
Noun |
Distrustful; arousing suspicion |
The claims of Dr. Feelgood are suspicious. |
Sow |
|
To plant seed |
Some farmers use sticks to make a hole in the soil to sow corn. |
Sew |
|
To fasten with needle and thread |
My mother had to sew my pocket when it tore. |
So |
Adv. |
Denoting extent or manner |
It was so hot that eggs fried on the sidewalk. |
|
Adj. |
Denoting truth |
He hoped it would rain so that he wouldn't have to play softball. |
Shade |
|
Shelter from the sun's light and heat |
At midday, all the workers sought shade. |
Shadow |
|
Shade from a person's body |
Peter Pan looked at his shadow. |
Sensible |
|
Using good judgment and intelligence |
He was a sensible boy till he fell in love. |
Sensitive |
|
readily affected feelings or responses; readily responsive to stimulus |
1. He is sensitive to the feelings of others. |
|
|
|
2. He is sensitive to dairy products. |
Threw |
Verb |
Tossed (past tense of throw) |
They threw the papers into the recycling bin. |
Through |
|
By means of; from beginning to end |
1. I learned about the sale through the newspaper. |
|
|
|
2. When he was through with the newspaper, he recycled it. |
Their |
|
Belonging to them |
My neighbours let their dogs run loose again. |
There |
|
That place, in that place |
There are the dogs that dig in my garden. |
They're |
|
Contraction of they are |
They're digging in my garden now. |
Travel |
Verb |
To change location (very rarely used as a noun) |
I have to travel a lot for work. |
Trip |
Noun |
Often substituted for the word 'holiday' when the travelling distance was short |
How was your business trip? |
Trip |
Verb |
To nearly fall over |
I tripped over the carpet and sprained my ankle. |
Voyage |
Noun |
Usually a long journey by boat. The word voyage is very rarely used as a verb. |
The voyage to South Africa took over six weeks. |
Journey |
Noun |
The 'piece' of travel between 2 or more points. |
The journey from Amritsar to Chandigarh takes 5 hours |
To See |
Verb |
To be aware of what is around you by using your eyes |
I can see the smoke from here. |
To Watch |
Verb |
To look at something for a period of time, especially something that is changing or moving |
I watched the cricket match. |
Take Care |
|
It is used when saying goodbye to someone. It actually means "Take care of yourself.” |
"Bye! Take care. " |
Take Care of |
|
To look after someone or something |
You should take care of your new car; it cost a lot of money. |
To look After |
|
To take care of or be in charge of something or someone. |
I often ask my mother to look after the children. |
To look for |
|
To try to find something or someone |
I am looking for my keys. Have you seen them? |
To Lend |
|
To hand out usually for a certain length of time |
1. Banks lend money |
|
|
|
2. Libraries lend books. |
|
|
|
3. My mother lent me some money, and I must pay her back soon. |
To Borrow |
|
To take with permission usually for a certain length of time |
1. You can borrow money from a bank to buy a house or a car. |
|
|
|
2. You can borrow books for up to 4 weeks from libraries |
|
|
|
3. I borrowed some money off my mother, and I must pay her back soon. |
Than |
Conj. |
Used in comparison |
My dad is stronger than your dad. |
Then |
Adv. |
At that time |
We'll be in Sydney next month; let's go to the Opera then. |
|
|
Next in order of time |
We'll eat; then we'll go to the movie. |
Vain |
Adj. |
Without effect or avail |
The wife tried in vain to please her husband. |
Vane |
Noun |
Wind direction indicator |
A weather vane pointed from the peak of the barn. |
Vein |
Noun |
Blood vessel |
A vein carries blood back to the heart. |
Wander |
Verb |
To travel aimlessly |
I often wander through the woods, it helps me think. |
Wonder |
Verb |
Means to consider or question some issue |
People often wonder whether I really run this website alone. |
Wonder |
Noun |
The feeling aroused by something strange and surprising |
The pyramids are a wonder to behold. |
What |
|
Used to ask a question when there are an unknown number or infinite possibilities for an answer |
What movie did you go to see? |
Which |
|
If you are choosing between two items, already defined |
1. Which shoes should I wear with this dress -my blue ones or my black ones? |
|
|
|
2. Which foot did you break? |
What / Which |
|
Often which or what can be used for several choices, depending on what is in the speaker’s mind |
1. Which bus goes into the centre? |
|
|
|
2. What bus shall I take? |
Who |
Sub of verb |
Anytime "I", "she" or "he" 'feels' right, who can be used |
She is the one who built that funny English website. |
|
|
In questions who is used when asking which person or people did something, or when asking what someone's name is. In fact in informal writing and speech who is used most of the time. |
Who is that girl over there?" |
Whom |
|
Used in formal writing as the object of a verb or preposition |
1. He took out a photo of his son, whom he adores. |
|
|
|
2. There were 500 passengers, of whom 121 drowned. |
Wrong |
Adv |
Not in accordance with what is morally right or good |
The student was punished because she committed a wrong deed |
Wrongly |
Adv |
When the adverb comes before the verb we use "wrongly". |
I'm sorry if I've written anything wrong. / I'm sorry if I've written anything wrongly. |
Worthless |
Adj. |
1. Having no real value or use. |
During a stock market ' crash ', shares can often become worthless. |
|
|
2. (of a person) Having no good qualities; deserving contempt. |
|
Priceless |
Adj. |
Invaluable, of great value |
Some things are too priceless to be bought or earned. |
While |
|
During the time that; |
1. While I cook, you set the table. |
|
|
Although; |
2. While I like to cook, I don't like to be in the kitchen by myself during a party. |
|
|
Whereas |
3. I cook, while you do the dishes every night. |
Whilst |
|
During the time that; although; whereas |
Whilst Little Red Riding Hood skipped through the woods, the wolf harassed her grandmother. |
Wander |
|
To roam |
Nomads wandered the desert in search of water and pasture land. |
Wonder |
|
Surprise or awe |
The children wondered where the puppies came from. |
Worthless |
|
Having no value |
After months of research, we found the old paintings to be worthless. |
Priceless |
|
Having value beyond price |
That painting by Picasso is priceless. |
Weather |
Noun |
Atmospheric conditions at a given time |
Alaska's weather is too inclement for me. |
|
Adj. |
Showing the effects of exposure to atmospheric conditions |
The farm buildings weathered the tornado, but the house had to be razed. |
Whether |
|
If; whatever the case; either |
1. Please tell me whether the library is open? |
|
|
|
2. We'll go hiking whether it rains or not. |
Week |
|
Seven days |
We will stay a week at the National Park. |
Weak |
|
Not strong |
The child is too weak to carry the backpack. |
Whose |
Pronoun |
Possession |
Whose book is this? |
Who's |
|
Contraction of who is |
Who's going to pick up mom from the station? |
Waist |
|
Horizontal midline of the human body |
He tied the belt around his waist. |
Waste |
|
Trash, Rubbish |
1. Throw your waste in a trash bin. |
|
|
|
2. Don't waste paper. |
Decent |
Adj. |
Socially acceptable or good |
Everyone should be entitled to a decent standard of living. |
Descent |
Noun |
A movement downwards, or your ancestry. |
1.The plane began its final descent prior to landing. |
|
|
|
2.She found out that she was of Welsh descent." |
Discreet |
Adj. |
To be careful or modest, not to cause embarrassment or attract too much attention, especially by keeping something secret. |
You have to be very discreet to work for the royal family |
Discrete |
Adj. |
Means something is distinct and separate or has a clear independent shape or form. |
She painted using strong colours, discrete shapes, and rhythmic patterns. |
Desert |
Noun |
Arid land |
If you live in a desert, it is a good idea to own a camel. |
|
Verb |
To abandon |
Clyde deserted school and joined the circus. |
Dessert |
Noun |
Last course of a meal generally sweet |
Chocolate ice cream is my favorite dessert. |
Device |
|
A contrivance, machine; a plan or scheme |
A mousetrap is a device for catching pesky rodents. |
Devise |
|
To plan |
He devised a better mousetrap; he got a cat. |
Effective |
|
Practical, having a useful result |
The economic reforms must be effective in reducing the national debt. |
Effectual |
|
Able to achieve results |
The reformer is an effectual leader. |
Efficient |
|
Producing good results with the least waste of effort or materials |
Efficient implementation of the reforms was led by the reformer, himself. |
Emigrate |
|
To leave a country and take up residence elsewhere |
Russian Jews emigrated all over the world in the late 1800's. |
Immigrate |
|
To enter a country to take up residence |
Many Russian Jews immigrated to the United States. |
Migrate |
|
To move from one locality to another; to regularly move from one region to another |
Arctic caribou migrate south in the winter and return to the tundra in spring. |
Eligible |
|
Qualified or worthy to be chosen |
Jane Austen thought every eligible bachelor was in need of a wife. |
Illegible |
|
Impossible to read |
Because my handwriting is illegible, I use my computer and word processing software. |
Intelligible |
|
Comprehensible |
The radio signals from outer space are not intelligible. |
Eminent |
|
High in rank and noteworthy |
Jimmy Carter is an eminent peacemaker. |
Immanent |
|
Remaining within, inherent; present throughout the universe |
1. Although he appeared afraid, he had immanent courage. |
|
|
|
2. God is immanent throughout the universe. |
Imminent |
|
About to happen, impending |
1. Crisis is imminent, according to environmentalists. |
|
|
|
2. An electrical storm was imminent, so we unplugged all the computers. |
Elicit |
|
To bring out or evoke |
The teacher made outrageous remarks to elicit discussion from students. |
Illicit |
|
Unlawful or not permitted by custom |
Illicit sale of controlled substances is a major problem in the United States. |
Either |
|
Used with a negative verb when you are agreeing with something someone doesn't do or like etc |
B agrees with A in the negative |
|
|
|
A - "I don't like cheese." B - "I don't like it either." |
|
|
|
A- "I haven't seen Lord of the Rings." B - "I haven't seen it either." |
As well / Too |
|
Used with an affirmative verb when you are agreeing with something someone does or likes etc. |
B agrees with A in the positive |
|
|
|
A - "I love ice cream." B - "I love it too." / "I love it as well." |
|
|
|
A- "I've seen Gladiator." B - "I've seen it too." / "I've seen it as well." |
Every Day |
‘Every’ is determiner and ‘day’ is noun. |
When you say every day you mean each day without exception. |
You have been late for school every day this week. |
Everyday |
Adj. |
When you say everyday you mean ordinary, unremarkable. |
My culture pages offer an insight into the everyday life of common man. |
Expand |
Transitive/ intransitive verb |
To increase in size, number or importance, or to make something increase. |
Hari is expanding his vocabulary on a daily basis by learning 10 words. |
Expend |
Transitive Verb |
To use or spend something (especially time, effort or money). |
She is expending a lot of effort to help her students. |
For |
Preposition |
In favor of |
I bought a CD player for my daughter. |
Fore |
|
In front |
The man clung to the fore of the sinking boat. |
Four |
|
Even number (4) |
I bought four CD's for my daughter. |
Farther |
|
Refers to physical distance: that is, more far in terms that can be measured |
Delhi is farther from Mumbai than from Chandigarh. |
Further |
|
To a greater extent |
We will discuss this topic further in our next class. |
Faint |
Verb |
To lose consciousness |
The cheerleader fainted when she saw the broken bones. |
|
Adj. |
Pale or weak |
Radio signals from space are faint and difficult to detect. |
Feint |
Noun |
To make a movement designed to mislead |
His feint fooled the opposition. |
|
Verb |
A movement designed to mislead |
The quarterback feinted to the left before passing the ball to the halfback. |
Fourth |
|
After third and before fifth |
The fourth day of July is Independence Day in the United States |
Forth |
|
Forward |
The student ran back and forth looking for his misplaced books. |
Female |
|
A woman or girl |
The human female seems to be more long-lived than the male. |
Woman |
|
An adult human who is female |
When female is used for woman, it must be complemented with male. |
Feminine |
|
Of or belonging to women; gender category |
English does not categorize nouns as feminine or masculine. |
Formally |
|
With strict observation to form |
The store was formally opened on Tuesday. |
Formerly |
|
In the past |
Jimmy Carter was formerly the president of the United States. |
Good |
Adj. |
Having positive desirable qualities |
The good candy is expensive. |
Well |
Adv. |
In a good or proper manner |
1. The cookies are selling well. |
|
|
|
2. After your illness, it is good to see you well. |
Hear |
|
To perceive with the ears; to learn, find out |
I can't hear the telephone when the music is too loud. |
Here |
|
This place |
Come over here so I can hear you better. |
Hole |
|
A cavity in a solid, a space or void where something used to be |
The mole dug a hole under the garden fence. |
Whole |
|
Entire, not divided |
The encyclopedia volume was returned to the library, so the set is whole again. |
Hair |
|
Threadlike growth on the skin of a mammal |
Red hair is the least common in humans. |
Hare |
|
Large, long-eared rabbit |
Some hares adapted to dessert habitats. |
Heir |
|
One who inherits from a predecessor (pronounced air) |
The Kennedy brothers and sisters were heirs to a great fortune. |
In |
Prep |
Opposite of out, inside at the point of |
1.The proof is in the pudding. |
|
|
|
2.The house will be warm in a short time. |
Inn |
Noun |
Hotel |
We stayed in the old New England inn. |
Within |
|
in or into the inner part
up to but not beyond the limits of
in the scope or sphere of
|
1.Resentment simmered within him. |
|
|
|
2.Within an hour, the soup will be done. |
|
|
|
3.His actions were always within the law. |
Incidence |
|
Instance or occurrence; the rate of occurrence |
A single incidence of drug use will disqualify a player from the game. |
Incidents |
|
Occurrences, happenings |
Twenty-seven incidents of theft were reported from one school. |
Its |
Pronoun |
Belonging to |
The dog wagged its tail. |
It’s |
|
It is |
The dog thinks it's fun to wag its tail. |
Invaluable |
|
Of great worth |
The Rosetta Stone was an invaluable key to deciphering Egyptian hieroglyphics. |
Valueless |
|
Worth nothing |
The French officer who found the Rosetta Stone in 1799 was afraid it was valueless. |
Infer |
Verb |
To deduce, draw a conclusion |
Scholars infer from test results that teachers and inferior curricula are to blame for poor test scores. |
Imply |
Verb |
To suggest or insinuate |
The results of national achievement tests imply to educators that students are not learning. |
Insight |
|
Intuitive understanding |
A good therapist must have insight as well as skill. |
Incite |
|
To inflame to action |
She scolded him badly which incited him to get angry. |
Lay |
Irregular Transitive verb |
(Lay / laid/ laid - laying). It needs a direct object. It means to put something or someone down (often in a horizontal position). |
Lay your head on the pillow |
Lie |
Irregular Intransitive verb |
It means to rest in a horizontal position |
1. If you are tired lie here and take rest. |
|
|
To be located somewhere |
2. This lake lies at the foothill. |
Look at |
Verb |
Look is usually followed by the preposition at |
Look at these photos, they're really good. |
|
|
When you look at someone or something you are interested in the appearance. |
I went to the art gallery to look at the exhibition of paintings. |
|
|
Generally we look at things that are static. |
|
Watch |
Verb |
When you watch someone or something you are interested in what happens. |
1.I watch TV every night. |
|
|
Generally we watch things that move or change state. |
2.The security guard watched the shoplifter steal the clock. |
Look Over |
Phrasal Verb |
When you look over something or someone you quickly examine it or them. |
I asked my teacher to look over what I had written. |
Overlook |
Verb |
When you overlook someone or something you fail to notice or consider it or them. |
I think my teacher overlooked some of my mistakes. |
Loose |
Adj. |
If something isn't fixed properly or it doesn't fit, because it's too large, it's loose. |
My headphones weren't working, because a wire was loose. |
Lose |
Verb |
To no longer possess something because you do not know where it is, or because it has been taken away from you. |
A lot of people will lose their job if there is a recession. |
Less |
|
Used with quantities that cannot be counted |
They prefer courses requiring less study time. |
Fewer |
|
Used with nouns that can be counted |
Fewer students are signing up for courses in math and science. |
Led |
Verb |
Guided, conducted |
Moses led his people to the Promised Land. |
Lead |
Noun |
Heavy metal; made of lead |
The pipes were made of lead. |
|
Verb |
To guide or conduct |
Moses was ordered to lead his people to the Promised Land. |
Leaden |
|
Made of lead; gray; heavy |
Leaden weights kept him near the ocean floor so he could scavenge the wreck. |
Most |
|
Greatest amount, quantity, degree, or the largest part |
1. Most everyone likes vanilla ice cream. |
|
|
|
2. Vanilla is the most delicious ice cream. |
Almost |
|
Nearly |
I almost ordered chocolate ice cream this time. |
Notable |
|
Remarkable, prominent |
Mark Twain was a notable humorist and social commentator. |
Noted |
Verb |
Famous; past tense of note |
Mark Twain was noted for his humor. |
Noticeable |
Adj. |
Worthy of notice; perceptible |
The song Kolaveri di has generated noticeable interest in the youth. |
Oral |
|
Relating to the mouth, spoken |
Mick Jagger gave an oral report on the importance of keeping decibel levels down. |
Aural |
|
Relating to the ear or hearing |
Many rock musicians have some aural loss due to loud monitors and speakers. |
Verbal |
|
Relating to words |
Language students learn verbal skills. |
Past |
Noun |
The time gone by |
You cannot change the past. |
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Adv / Prep |
Beyond |
He walked past the bus stop in deep thought. |
Passed |
Verb |
Moved by or through |
He passed his English test with flying colors. |
Plain |
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Level country; clear; simple; pure; ordinary; not ornamented; unattractive |
1. The rain in Spain stays mainly on the plain. |
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2. The plain truth is that we are broke. |
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3. The text was plain and easy to read. |
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4. She served us plain water with dinner. |
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5. She wore a plain everyday dress. |
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6. A plain courthouse appealed to voters. |
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7. Though plain, she had a great sense of fun and plenty of boyfriends. |
Plane |
Adj. |
Level or flat |
The students measured plane surfaces. |
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Noun |
Airplane |
1. The plane landed at La Guardia Airport. |
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A tool for smoothing |
2. The carpenter used a plane on the sill until the door would close over it. |
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A level of consciousness |
3. Confucius, the mighty philosopher functioned on a higher moral plane than his fellow citizens. |
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Verb |
To smooth or finish |
The carpenter planed the doors until the door would shut over it. |
Peace |
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State of harmony, tranquility, nonaggression |
The message called for peace on earth, good will to men. |
Piece |
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A portion of a whole |
His piece of the pie was larger than mine. |
Practice |
Noun |
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We need to put these ideas into practice. |
Practise |
Verb |
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To learn English well you have to practise. |
Precede |
Verb |
To be or to go before something or someone in time or space. |
Ecological extinction caused by overfishing precedes other human disturbance to coastal ecosystems. |
Proceed |
Verb |
To continue as planned. |
The government has decided not to proceed with the legislation. |
Principal |
Adj. |
First in order of importance |
The Mississippi is the principal river of the United States. |
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Noun |
The head teacher in a school or college |
The teacher sent the unruly student to see the Principal. |
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Noun |
The original amount of a debt on which interest is calculated |
She lives off the interest and tries to keep the principal intact. |
Principle |
Noun |
A basic idea, standard of behaviour or rule that explains or controls how something happens or works |
The country works on the principle that all citizens have equal rights. |
Personal |
Adj. |
It can mean relating to or belonging to someone. |
Your personal belongings are the things that belong to you. |
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It can relate to someone’s private life, including their relationships and feelings. |
If you have personal problems with me let us discuss it and resolve the problem. |
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It can also mean something that is designed for or used by one person. |
A personal computer or stereo. |
Personnel |
Noun |
The people who work for an organisation are the personnel. |
Military personnel are the members of an army. |
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The department of an organisation that deals with finding people to work there, keeping records about them, etc is the personnel department. |
I need to speak to someone in Personnel. |
Raise |
Transitive verb |
To move upwards - Something else is needed to raise something |
1. Lynne raised her hand. |
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2. The government is going to raise taxes. |
Rise |
Intransitive Verb |
To move upwards – something that rises by itself |
1. The sun rises in the east. |
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2. I will rise tomorrow morning at 6 a.m. to walk the dog. |
Regard |
Verb |
To have an opinion about something or someone |
I regard the theatre as the greatest of all art forms. |
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To look carefully at something or someone |
The students regarded me with horror as I entered the classroom. |
Regards |
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It is simply a greeting |
Please give my regards to your parents when you see them. |
Regardless |
Adv. |
Not being affected by something |
I went ahead with the test regardless of the students’ opposition. |
Remember |
Verb |
To keep a piece of information in your memory or bring it back to memory |
I remember when every home had clotheslines in the back yard or garden. |
Remind |
Verb |
To make someone aware of something they have forgotten or might have forgotten |
Please remind me to pick up some bread at the market. |
Restive |
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Impatient; resistant to control, discipline, or authority |
The restive audience awaited the opening act. |
Restless |
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Unease because of anxiety, nervousness, or worry |
The patient grew restless in the waiting room but was calmed by the nurse. |
Recipe |
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Directions for preparing a food dish |
Some people won't share their favorite recipes. |
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A formula for achieving something |
The teacher inculcated a recipe for academic success. |
Receipt |
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An acknowledgment for goods services, or money |
The shop owner gave me a receipt in acknowledgement of the payment that I had made. |
Roll |
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A baked good |
We had bread rolls for snacks. |
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An act of tumbling |
Jack and Jill did forward rolls down the hill. |
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A written list |
The teacher read the roll every morning to find out if anyone was missing. |
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Rapid drum beat |
A drum roll announced the performer's entrance. |
Role |
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A character performed by an actor |
Shahrukh essayed the role of Don. |
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A function |
It is the HR’s role to ensure employee satisfaction. |
Reward |
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Recompense or return for service or merit |
The student was rewarded by the teacher for having completed her assignment in time. |
Award |
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Official recognition, as a prize |
Girl Scout Troop got a civic award for keeping the playground clean. |
Suit |
Noun |
A set of clothes |
He bought a new gray flannel suit. |
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Noun |
A legal proceeding |
He brought suit to regain custody of his children. |
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Verb |
To meet requirements |
She suited her employers in all respects. |
Suite |
Noun |
A set of furniture |
She bought a new bedroom suite. |
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Adjoining rooms |
She rented a suite of rooms to live in. |
Say vs Said |
Verb |
Past simple and past participle of to say |
1. "I am sorry", said the criminal. |
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2. The criminal said that he was sorry. |
Tell vs Told |
Verb |
Past simple and past participle of to tell |
1. I told him that I would be late. |
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2. He told me to leave. |
Shortage |
Noun |
When there is not enough of something |
There is a shortage of skilled workers in the industry. |
Shortness |
Noun |
Meaning the condition of being short spatially |
Shortness in children and young adults nearly always results from below-average growth in childhood. |
So |
Adj. / Adv. |
When used as in front of an adjective or an adverb means very |
1. My English teacher is so patient. |
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2. She teaches us so well. |
Such |
Determiner |
It can be used in front of a noun or an adjective and a noun to show extremes, you can't use it in front of adverbs. |
1. She is such a patient teacher |
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Remember that without the noun you need to use "so." |
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such + a + patient + teacher |
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so + patient |
Stationary |
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Standing / still/ not moving |
The car was stationary |
Stationery |
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The items needed for writing, such as paper, pens, pencils and envelopes |
It is the secretary's job to order the stationery. |
Suspect |
Adj. |
Arousing suspicion especially about quality |
The miraculous claims are suspect. |
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Verb |
To be suspicious |
I suspect Dr. Feelgood is a cheat. |
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Noun |
One who has aroused suspicion |
He is a suspect in the "Stoned Kid Case." |
Suspicious |
Noun |
Distrustful; arousing suspicion |
The claims of Dr. Feelgood are suspicious. |
Sow |
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To plant seed |
Some farmers use sticks to make a hole in the soil to sow corn. |
Sew |
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To fasten with needle and thread |
My mother had to sew my pocket when it tore. |
So |
Adv. |
Denoting extent or manner |
It was so hot that eggs fried on the sidewalk. |
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Adj. |
Denoting truth |
He hoped it would rain so that he wouldn't have to play softball. |
Shade |
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Shelter from the sun's light and heat |
At midday, all the workers sought shade. |
Shadow |
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Shade from a person's body |
Peter Pan looked at his shadow. |
Sensible |
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Using good judgment and intelligence |
He was a sensible boy till he fell in love. |
Sensitive |
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readily affected feelings or responses; readily responsive to stimulus |
1. He is sensitive to the feelings of others. |
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2. He is sensitive to dairy products. |
Threw |
Verb |
Tossed (past tense of throw) |
They threw the papers into the recycling bin. |
Through |
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By means of; from beginning to end |
1. I learned about the sale through the newspaper. |
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2. When he was through with the newspaper, he recycled it. |
Their |
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Belonging to them |
My neighbours let their dogs run loose again. |
There |
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That place, in that place |
There are the dogs that dig in my garden. |
They're |
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Contraction of they are |
They're digging in my garden now. |
Travel |
Verb |
To change location (very rarely used as a noun) |
I have to travel a lot for work. |
Trip |
Noun |
Often substituted for the word 'holiday' when the travelling distance was short |
How was your business trip? |
Trip |
Verb |
To nearly fall over |
I tripped over the carpet and sprained my ankle. |
Voyage |
Noun |
Usually a long journey by boat. The word voyage is very rarely used as a verb. |
The voyage to South Africa took over six weeks. |
Journey |
Noun |
The 'piece' of travel between 2 or more points. |
The journey from Amritsar to Chandigarh takes 5 hours |
To See |
Verb |
To be aware of what is around you by using your eyes |
I can see the smoke from here. |
To Watch |
Verb |
To look at something for a period of time, especially something that is changing or moving |
I watched the cricket match. |
Take Care |
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It is used when saying goodbye to someone. It actually means "Take care of yourself.” |
"Bye! Take care. " |
Take Care of |
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To look after someone or something |
You should take care of your new car; it cost a lot of money. |
To look After |
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To take care of or be in charge of something or someone. |
I often ask my mother to look after the children. |
To look for |
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To try to find something or someone |
I am looking for my keys. Have you seen them? |
To Lend |
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To hand out usually for a certain length of time |
1. Banks lend money |
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2. Libraries lend books. |
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3. My mother lent me some money, and I must pay her back soon. |
To Borrow |
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To take with permission usually for a certain length of time |
1. You can borrow money from a bank to buy a house or a car. |
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2. You can borrow books for up to 4 weeks from libraries |
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3. I borrowed some money off my mother, and I must pay her back soon. |
Than |
Conj. |
Used in comparison |
My dad is stronger than your dad. |
Then |
Adv. |
At that time |
We'll be in Sydney next month; let's go to the Opera then. |
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Next in order of time |
We'll eat; then we'll go to the movie. |
Vain |
Adj. |
Without effect or avail |
The wife tried in vain to please her husband. |
Vane |
Noun |
Wind direction indicator |
A weather vane pointed from the peak of the barn. |
Vein |
Noun |
Blood vessel |
A vein carries blood back to the heart. |
Wander |
Verb |
To travel aimlessly |
I often wander through the woods, it helps me think. |
Wonder |
Verb |
Means to consider or question some issue |
People often wonder whether I really run this website alone. |
Wonder |
Noun |
The feeling aroused by something strange and surprising |
The pyramids are a wonder to behold. |
What |
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Used to ask a question when there are an unknown number or infinite possibilities for an answer |
What movie did you go to see? |
Which |
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If you are choosing between two items, already defined |
1. Which shoes should I wear with this dress -my blue ones or my black ones? |
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2. Which foot did you break? |
What / Which |
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Often which or what can be used for several choices, depending on what is in the speaker’s mind |
1. Which bus goes into the centre? |
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2. What bus shall I take? |
Who |
Sub of verb |
Anytime "I", "she" or "he" 'feels' right, who can be used |
She is the one who built that funny English website. |
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In questions who is used when asking which person or people did something, or when asking what someone's name is. In fact in informal writing and speech who is used most of the time. |
Who is that girl over there?" |
Whom |
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Used in formal writing as the object of a verb or preposition |
1. He took out a photo of his son, whom he adores. |
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2. There were 500 passengers, of whom 121 drowned. |
Wrong |
Adv |
Not in accordance with what is morally right or good |
The student was punished because she committed a wrong deed |
Wrongly |
Adv |
When the adverb comes before the verb we use "wrongly". |
I'm sorry if I've written anything wrong. / I'm sorry if I've written anything wrongly. |
Worthless |
Adj. |
1. Having no real value or use. |
During a stock market ' crash ', shares can often become worthless. |
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2. (of a person) Having no good qualities; deserving contempt. |
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Priceless |
Adj. |
Invaluable, of great value |
Some things are too priceless to be bought or earned. |
While |
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During the time that; |
1. While I cook, you set the table. |
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Although; |
2. While I like to cook, I don't like to be in the kitchen by myself during a party. |
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Whereas |
3. I cook, while you do the dishes every night. |
Whilst |
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During the time that; although; whereas |
Whilst Little Red Riding Hood skipped through the woods, the wolf harassed her grandmother. |
Wander |
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To roam |
Nomads wandered the desert in search of water and pasture land. |
Wonder |
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Surprise or awe |
The children wondered where the puppies came from. |
Worthless |
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Having no value |
After months of research, we found the old paintings to be worthless. |
Priceless |
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Having value beyond price |
That painting by Picasso is priceless. |
Weather |
Noun |
Atmospheric conditions at a given time |
Alaska's weather is too inclement for me. |
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Adj. |
Showing the effects of exposure to atmospheric conditions |
The farm buildings weathered the tornado, but the house had to be razed. |
Whether |
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If; whatever the case; either |
1. Please tell me whether the library is open? |
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2. We'll go hiking whether it rains or not. |
Week |
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Seven days |
We will stay a week at the National Park. |
Weak |
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Not strong |
The child is too weak to carry the backpack. |
Whose |
Pronoun |
Possession |
Whose book is this? |
Who's |
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Contraction of who is |
Who's going to pick up mom from the station? |
Waist |
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Horizontal midline of the human body |
He tied the belt around his waist. |
Waste |
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Trash, Rubbish |
1. Throw your waste in a trash bin. |
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2. Don't waste paper. |