Logical Reasoning Puzzles form an essential part of bank PO, SSC, government exams and many entrance tests. These are mostly arrangement-based or picture puzzles. Such questions intend to check your analytical, deductive and problem solving abilities. Here, we have compiled a series of different logical puzzles with solutions. This set contains 10 medium level logic puzzles.
Solve the given questions and check your logical abilities:
Q.1. The letters J, K, L, M, N, O and Z, represent seven consecutive integers from 42 to 53; not necessarily in that order,
O is as much less than K as L is greater than M.
Z is greater than O.
K is the middle term.
J is 3 greater than M.
Can you find the sequence of letters from the lowest value to the highest value?
From (3), K is the middle term.
___ ___ ___ _K_ ___ ___ ___
From (4), there must be exactly 2 numbers between J and M which gives two possible positions.
[1] ___ _M_ ___ _K_ _J_ ___ ___
[2] ___ ___ _M_ _K_ ___ _J_ ___
From (1), the number of letters between O and K must be same as the number of letters between M and L. Also, the number of letters between them can be 1, 2 or 3. Using trial and error, it can be found that there must be 2 letters between them. Also, it is possible only in option [2] above.
[2] ___ _O_ _M_ _K_ _L_ _J_ ___
From (2) Z must be the highest and the remaining N must be the lowest number.
_N_ _O_ _M_ _K_ _L_ _J_ _Z_
Thus, the sequence of letters from the lowest value to the highest value is NOMKLJZ.
Q.2. There are 3 points labeled X, Y and Z. Then there are other 3 points labeled 5, 6 and 7. The aim of the puzzle is to connect point X with points 5, 6 and 7, point Y with points 5, 6 and 7 and point Z with points 5, 6 and 7. While connecting the points you have to follow one rule - the lines cannot cross over each other.
X
Y
Z
5
6
7
You can arrange the points in order as long as the lines DO NOT cross over each other.
There is no solution to it, if you consider 2 dimensions. It is impossible to join each of points X, Y and Z with points 5, 6 and 7 without lines crossing each other.
There is solution, if you consider 3 dimensions. Consider a circular base and a line perpendicular to it passing from the center. Now take any 3 points along the perimeter of the circular base as points 5, 6 and 7. Similarly take any 3 points along the perpendicular line as points X, Y and Z.
Now it is quite simple to join each of points X, Y and Z with points 5, 6 and 7 without any of the lines crossing each other.
The other possible 3D structure is Pyramid. Take points 5, 6 and 7 as vertices of the triangular base and points X, Y and Z along the height of the Pyramid which is perpendicular to the triangular base and passing through the apex.
Q.3. A RAW agent code named Chandrakanta emailed a code word to his head office. They are "AIS EUC RAO REI COS". But four of these five words are fake and only one contains the information.
He also mailed a sentence as a clue - if I tell you any one character of the code word, you would be able to tell the number of vowels in the code word. Can you tell what the code word is?
The code word is RIE.
If you were told any one character of COS, then you would not be able to determine whether the number of vowels is one or two. e.g. if you were told S, there are two words with S – AIS with 2 vowels and COS with 1 vowel. So you would not be able to say the number of vowels.
Same arguments can be given for characters O and C.
Hence, the word with any one of M, O or C is not a code word i.e. AIS, EUC, RAO and COS are not the code word. Thus, REI is the code word.
R : two words - REI and RAO, both with 2 vowels
E : two words - REI and EUC, both with 2 vowels.
I : two words - REI and AIS, both with 2 vowels
Q.4. At a farewell party, people were asked to guess how many marbles there were in a box.
No one guessed correctly, but the nearest guesses were 171, 177, 186 and 190.
The correct number of marbles was one unit away from one of the closest guess, three units away from another, ten units away from the third and sixteen units away from the remaining closest guess. How many marbles were there in the box?
The jar contained 187 marbles. One way to do this is to draw a number line between 171 and 190 and test each number to see if it works. Otherwise take a few guesses until you get it!
Q.5. Here is an ordinary cross.
You are allowed to make two straight cuts across it.
How do you cut it to make the most pieces?
This is one way of making six pieces with two cuts.
Q.6. Digits 1 through 7 are printed above the box, in the box, and beneath the box. Can you continue on for 8 & 9 and place them correctly according to the given scheme?
Each number on the top has straight lines only. Each number in the box has mixed straight lines and curves. Each number at the bottom has curves only. Therefore, 8 & 9 go beneath the box in the same line as 3 and 6.
Q.7. 15 matches made 5 squares as shown in the figure.One has to move 3 matches in order to make 4 squares.
4 squares can be made if 3 matches can be moved in the following ways.
Q.8.Find the missing character from the given alternatives.
5
9
11
13
Order alphabets as A=1, B=2, C=3,………Y=25, Z=26.
Then, M-J = 13-10 = 3,
Y-O = 25-15 = 10,
R-C = 18-3 = 15. So, the missing number = K-B = 16-7= 9. So answer is (b) option
Q.9. J x K means that J is the mother of K, J + K means that J is the father of K, J - K means that J is the sister of K. On the basis of this information, you have to select the option which shows that L is the grandfather of K.
L + J +M – K
L x M + N – K
L + N - K
L +M - N x K
L – N x K
Option (a) represents that L is the grandfather of K.
M-K =M is the sister of K
J + M= J is the father of M, hence J will be father of K.
L+J = L is the father of J, hence L will be grandfather of M.
Q.10. There are 70 teachers employed with hitbullseye company, of which 30 are females.
(1) 30 teachers are married.
(2) 24 teachers are above 31 years of age.
(3) 19 married teachers are above 31 years of which 7 are males.
(4) 12 males are above 31 years of age.
(5) 15 males are married.
How many of unmarried females are above 31 years of age?
Total there are 30 females and 40 males. Out of females 15 are married and out of these 15, twelve females are of above 31 years of age, 15 females are unmarried . Out of males, 15 males are married, out of these 15, seven males are above 31 years of age and 25 males are unmarried and out of these 25 males, 5 males are above 31 years of age. Thus, no unmarried female (0) is above 31 years of age.
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