Analogy Definition
Let us first try to define analogy: the word 'Analogy' means 'correspondence’. In analogy questions, a specific relationship is given & another similar relationship has to be identified from the given options.
Types of Analogies
In reasoning, generally we come across two types of analogies: Alphabet analogy and Numbers analogy.
Number Analogy covers two types of questions:
I. Choose a similar pair as the given pair in the question on the basis of the relation between the numbers pair given in the question.
II. Choose a number that is similar to a group of numbers on the basis of certain similar properties that they possess.
Example: Find a pair that is similar to the given pair of numbers:- 180:90
(a) 64 : 37
(b) 2 : 1
(c) 23 : 10
(d) 137 : 112
Sol.: Clearly, the relationship here is 2x : x.
This same relationship exists in option (b).
So, the correct answer is option (b).
Must Read Analogy Articles
Alphabet Analogy: In this type of analogy, two groups of letters related to each other in same way, are given. The candidate is required to identify the relationship & choose a group of letters which is related in the same way to a 3rd group given in the question. These questions become easier to solve if you memorize the alphabetic positions of the letters in the alphabet. (eg: A=1, M=13, etc.)
Example: BCDE: PQRS :: WXYZ : ?
(a) EFGH
(b) KLMN
(c) QJSP
(d) TSUV
Sol. Each letter of the 1st group is moved 14 steps forward to obtain the corresponding letter of the 2nd group. A similar relationship will exist between the 3rd and 4th groups.
Hence, the correct answer is option (b).
Now that we have gone through the basics of analogy, let us study a few analogy examples
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